A specialised and quickly expanding sector of the plastics industry is high temperature thermoplastic polymers. These are employed in specialised applications when a blend of remarkable qualities is necessary. The melting points of high temperature thermoplastics, sometimes referred to as high performance thermoplastics, range from 650 to 725°F, which is up to 100% higher than those of typical engineering thermoplastics. Polyimides (PI), fluoropolymers, aromatic polyketones, high-performance polyamides (HPPA), polybenzimidazoles (PBI), polyphenylene sulphides, and sulfone polymers are only a few examples of the numerous types of high temperature thermoplastics.
To get the most precise estimations and forecasts, a thorough and iterative research technique centred on minimising deviation was applied. For market segmentation and quantitative estimation, the company combines top-down and bottom-up methods.
Surveys, technical symposia, and trade magazines are used to gather information on technical concerns and trends. Technical information focusing on white space and freedom of movement is also obtained from an intellectual property standpoint. Additionally, information on the industry’s drivers, constraints, and pricing patterns is obtained. As a result, a variety of original data are included in the material that is then cross-validated and certified with published sources.
The high temperature thermoplastics market has been specific by type (High Temperature Fluoropolymers, High Performance Polyamides (HPPA), Polyphenylene Sulfides (PPS), Sulfone Polymers (SP), Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP), Aromatic Ketone Polymers (AKP)). increase. , polyimide (PI)), by temperature range (302°F to 450°F, >450°F), by end-use vertical (transportation, electrical/electronics, industrial, medical, etc.), and by region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and rest of the world).
Research Methodology:
This report provides excellent insights and is the result of an intricate research technique that included thorough secondary research, demanding primary interviews with industry stakeholders, and validation and triangulation using Stratview Research’s own database and statistical tools. The information was gathered from more than 1,000 verified secondary sources, including corporate annual reports, fact books, press releases, journals, investor presentations, white papers, patents, and publications. To collect both the qualitative and quantitative insights, we conducted over fifteen in-depth primary interviews with market participants along the whole value chain in each of the four areas. Additionally, we have an internal archive that is continuously updated based on firsthand information and press announcements from significant market participants. The primary participants share is given below:
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High Temperature Thermoplastics Market based on End Use Industry:
- Electrical & Electronics
- Industrial
- Transportation
- Medical
- Others
High Temperature Thermoplastics Market based on Temperature range:
- High Temperature Thermoplastic (Range 302˚F-449.6˚F)
- Extreme Temperature Thermoplastics (Range >449.6˚F)
High Temperature Thermoplastics Market based on Resin Type:
- Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS)
- Sulfone Polymers (SP)
- Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP)
- High Temperature Fluoropolymers (High Temperature FPs)
- High Performance Polyamide (HPPA)
- Aromatic Ketone Polymers (AKP)
- Poly-imide (PI)Others
High Temperature Thermoplastics Market based on Geography:
- North America
- Europe
- Germany
- UK
- France
- Italy
- Spain
- Rest of Europe (RoE)
- Asia Pacific (APAC)
- China
- Japan
- India
- Australia
- South Korea
- Rest of Asia Pacific (RoAPAC)
- Latin America (LATAM)
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Rest of South America
- Middle East and Africa (MEA)
- UAE
- Turkey
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- Rest of Middle East & Africa
The market has had tremendous expansion in recent years, and it is anticipated that this growth will continue in the years to come. Due to their unique characteristics, HTTs are used in a variety of end-use industries, including transportation, medical, electrical & electronics, industrial, and others. These characteristics include high thermal stability, greater chemical resistance, high dielectric strength, low shrinkage, and greater design flexibility.
The paper also includes different kinds of HTTs. Fluoropolymers, high-performance polyamides, polyphenylene sulphide, sulfone polymers, liquid crystal polymers, aromatic ketone polymers, and polyimide are the primary varieties. Due to its appropriateness in numerous application areas, the fluoropolymers sector held the biggest market share in 2016. Due to their rising acceptability in a variety of end-use industries, including electrical & electronics and industrial, sulfone polymers are anticipated to have the quickest growth.
Several end-use industries, including transportation, healthcare, electrical & electronics, industrial, and others, use high temperature thermoplastics. These are the primary end-use sectors taken into account in the report. In terms of volume, the end-use industry for transportation held the highest market share in 2016, followed by electrical & electronics, industrial, medical, and other sectors. Among all the end-use industries taken into consideration, the medical end-use industry category is anticipated to experience the highest CAGR between 2017 and 2030.
The report’s primary regions of focus include North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, the Middle East & Africa, and South America. The HTTs market is dominated by Asia Pacific. The expanding use of HTTs in the transportation, electrical & electronics, and medical industries is primarily responsible for the region’s rising demand for them. The second-largest producer and consumer of HTTs worldwide is found in North America. The market in this area is primarily driven by expanding prospects in the medical and electrical & electronics sectors. The two end-use industries that most significantly contribute to the rising demand for HTTs globally are transportation and electrical & electronics. Due to the region’s expanding electrical & electronics industry, the Middle East & Africa is the second region with the fastest growth behind Asia Pacific.
Leading companies in the worldwide HTTs market include Solvay (Belgium), BASF (Germany), Evonik Industries (Germany), DowDuPont (US), Celanese Corporation (US), and Arkema (Japan). In the near future, it is anticipated that these businesses will control a considerable portion of the market. The producers of HTTs will be able to combat the consequences of an unstable economy by entering adjacent industries and pursuing new markets, which will result in a diverse company portfolio and an increase in revenue. SABIC (Saudi Arabia), Toray (Japan), Royal DSM (Netherlands), and Victrex (UK) are additional significant HTT producers.
- This report illustrates the most vital attributes of the high temperature thermoplastics market, which are driving and providing opportunities.
- This research gives an in-depth analysis of the high temperature thermoplastics market growth on the basis of several segments in the market.
- This report presents the predictions of the past and present trends of the high temperature thermoplastics market.
- This study also presents the competitive analysis, such as key strategies and capabilities of major players of the high temperature thermoplastics market.
List of Tables
TABLE 1. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 2. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 3. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR INDUSTRIAL, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 4. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR TRANSPORTATION, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 5. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR MEDICAL, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 6. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR OTHERS, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 7. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 8. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR High Temperature Thermoplastic (Range 302˚F-449.6˚F) FIBER, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 9. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR Extreme Temperature Thermoplastics (Range >449.6˚F), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 10. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIGN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 11. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR POLYPHENYLENE SULFIDE (PPS) 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 12. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR SULFONE POLYMERS (SP), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 13. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR LIQUID CRYSTAL POLYMERS (LCP), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 14. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE FLUOROPOLYMERS (HIGH TEMPERATURE FPS), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 15. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYAMIDE (HPPA), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 16. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR AROMATIC KETONE POLYMERS(APK), BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 17. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE FOR POLY-IMIDE OTHERS, BY GEOGRAPHY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 18. NORTH AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY COUNTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 19. NORTH AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 20. NORTH AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 21. NORTH AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIGN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 22. U.S HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 23. U.S HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 24. U.S HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 25. CANADA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 26. CANADA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 27. CANADA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 28. MEXICO HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 29. MEXICO HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 30. MEXICO HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 31. EUROPE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY COUNTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 32. EUROPE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 33. EUROPE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 34. EUROPE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 35. GERMANY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 36. GERMANY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 37. GERMANY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 38. U.K HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 39. U.K HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 40. U.K HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 41. FRANCE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 42. FRANCE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 43. FRANCE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 44. ITALY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 45. ITALY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 46. ITALY HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 47. SPAIN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 48. SPAIN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 49. SPAIN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 50. ROE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 51. ROE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 52. ROE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 53. ASIA PACIFIC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY COUNTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 54. ASIA PACIFIC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 55. ASIA PACIFIC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 56. ASIA PACIFIC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 57. CHINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 58. CHINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 59. CHINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 60. INDIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 61. INDIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 62. INDIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 63. JAPAN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 64. JAPAN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 65. JAPAN HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 66. REST OF APAC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 67. REST OF APAC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 68. REST OF APAC HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 69. LATIN AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 70. LATIN AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 71. LATIN AMERICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 72. BRAZIL HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 73. BRAZIL HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 74. BRAZIL HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 75. ARGENTINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 76. ARGENTINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 77. ARGENTINA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 78. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 79. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 80. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 81. SAUDI ARABIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 82. SAUDI ARABIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 83. SAUDI ARABIA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 84. UAE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 85. UAE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 86. UAE HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 87. REST OF MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY END USE INDUSTRY, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 88. REST OF MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY TEMPERATURE RANGE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 89. REST OF MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMOPLASTICS MARKETVALUE, BY RESIN TYPE, 2021-2030 (USD BILLION)
TABLE 90. BASF SE (Germany): FINANCIALS
TABLE 91. BASF SE (Germany): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 92. BASF SE (Germany): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 93. CELANESE CORPORATION (U.S.): FINANCIALS
TABLE 94. CELANESE CORPORATION (U.S.): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 95. CELANESE CORPORATION (U.S.): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 96. SOLVAY (BELGIUM.): FINANCIALS
TABLE 97. SOLVAY (BELGIUM.): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 98. SOLVAY (BELGIUM.): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 99. ARKEMA (FRANCE): FINANCIALS
TABLE 100. ARKEMA (FRANCE): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 101. ARKEMA (FRANCE): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 102. EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG (GERMANY): FINANCIALS
TABLE 103. EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG (GERMANY): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 104. EVONIK INDUSTRIES AG (GERMANY): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 105. DOWDUPONT ( U.S.): FINANCIALS
TABLE 106. DOWDUPONT ( U.S.): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 107. DOWDUPONT ( U.S.): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 108. SABIC (SAUDI ARABIA): FINANCIALS
TABLE 109. SABIC (SAUDI ARABIA): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 110. SABIC (SAUDI ARABIA): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 111. VICTREX PLC (U.K): FINANCIALS
TABLE 112. VICTREX PLC (U.K): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 113. VICTREX PLC (U.K): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 114. ROYAL DSM (THE NETHERLANDS): FINANCIALS
TABLE 115. ROYAL DSM (THE NETHERLANDS): PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 116. ROYAL DSM (THE NETHERLANDS): RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
TABLE 117. TORAY INDUSTRIES : FINANCIALS
TABLE 118. TORAY INDUSTRIES : PRODUCTS & SERVICES
TABLE 119. TORAY INDUSTRIES : RECENT DEVELOPMENTS